Analogy	Author's Purpose	Cause & Effect	Character	Classifying	Compare & Contrast	Conflict	Connect & Apply	Describing	Dialogue	Drawing Conclusions	Evaluating	Fact or Opinion	Figurative Language	Fluency	Genre	Illustration	Literary Devices	Logic & Reasoning	Main Idea	Making Inferences	Mood	Paraphrasing	Parts of Speech	Perspective	Persuasion	Plot	Point of View	Prediction	Prior Knowledge	Problem Solving	Punctuation	Questioning	Reading Strategy	Recalling Details	Retelling	Sequencing	Setting	Structure	Style	Summarizing	Supporting Ideas	Syntax	Text Features	Theme	Veracity	Visualization	Word Analysis
The skill area of "Main Idea" expects readers to pinpoint the central thought, concept, or primary message that unifies an excerpt, paragraph, section, or even an entire text teaching students to distill essential meaning from a series of supporting details as a foundation for accurate comprehension and summarization.	The skill area of "Author's Purpose" involves identifying the reason a text was written (to inform, persuade, entertain, or express), while evaluating the appropriateness of the approach for the intended audience and/or messageorienting students to think critically about how effectively an author has achieved his or her goals.	The skill area of "Cause & Effect" tasks readers with spotting relationships between events and their impetus, so as to distinguish what triggers an outcome from what results because of itteaching students to trace logical connections as they begin to recognize how one element influences another in narrative/argument building.	The skill area of "Character" requires students to analyze the roles, motivation, traits, and relationships of figures in text (including protagonists, antagonists, heroes, foils, villains, doppelgangers, and alter egos)helping readers understand how they drive stories, reveal themes, and reflect human complexity through their interactions.	The skill area of "Classifying" involves students sorting information, objects, or ideas, outlined within text, into categories based on shared characteristics, or set criteria encouraging readers to organize details systematically, recognize key patterns, and develop organizational thinking to support deeper textual analysis.	The skill area of "Compare & Contrast" challenges readers to discern similarities and differences between characters, events, ideas, or texts (often highlighting how these relationships illuminate themes or arguments)prompting students to start thinking analytically, drawing nuanced distinctions, and appreciating juxtaposition.	The skill area of "Conflict" challenges students to identify and examine the principal struggles (internal, external, interpersonal, or societal) that create tension and propel narratives forwardhelping readers to understand how such friction drives character growth, advances plot, and reveals deeper themes about human experience.	The skill area of "Connect & Apply" entails students linking ideas in text to their own experiences, other readings, or real-world situations and then applying said insights to new contextsthereby training budding readers to make meaningful and practical connections while transforming passive reading into active, relevant learning.	The skill area of "Describing" requires students to identify/interpret details in a text passage that paint vivid pictures of people, places, and objectsenticing readers to appreciate sensory language (as well as descriptive writing techniques that enhance imagery, setting, and overall engagement with prose) to a higher degree.	The skill area of "Dialogue" tasks students with analyzing explicit, spoken exchanges between characters, as well as how this speech reveals personality, advances plot, introduces conflict, and establishes themespreparing readers to better understand storytelling by more easily deciphering subtext, tone, and conversational dynamics.	The skill area of "Drawing Conclusions" teaches students to form logical judgments by synthesizing information, using context clues, applying reasoning, and perceiving ambiguity (such as generalization or syllogism)helping readers move beyond mere stated facts, toward deeper interpretation that is supported by textual evidence.	The skill area of "Evaluating" tasks readers with making informed judgments about a texts quality, credibility, and overall effectiveness, so as to distinguish valid ideas from weak or biased reasoningteaching students to analyze an authors choices as they begin to weigh how these elements shape the overall impact of a work.	The skill area of "Fact or Opinion" asks students to distinguish objective, verifiable information from subjective beliefs, judgments, or interpretations within a passage of textpriming readers to actively evaluate source reliability, develop critical thinking proficiency, and separate evidence-based claims from personal viewpoints.	The skill area of "Figurative Language" calls for students to interpret non-literal forms expression (such as metaphor, simile, personification, hyperbole, irony, symbolism, and more) that add depth, imagery, and emotional resonance to writingprompting students to uncover layered meanings and appreciate text beyond literal analysis.	The skill area of "Fluency" engages students in reading text with appropriate speed, accuracy, and expressive prosodyempowering learners to transition from decoding individual words to comprehending meaning effortlessly, building natural reading rhythms, and developing overall verbal confidence.	The skill area of "Genre" challenges students to identify the type or category of text being read (such as fiction, nonfiction, mystery, fantasy, or biography, etc.) based on its structure, purpose, and conventionhelping readers to set relevant expectations, as well as apply appropriate decoding strategies, as they begin reading.	The skill area of "Illustration" involves readers examining various visual elements that accompany, organize, or clarify textual information (such as charts, graphs, drawings, photos, or diagrams)allowing students to integrate words and images conceptually as a way to deepen understanding of narratives, ideas, or data.	The skill area of "Literary Devices" prompts readers to recognize/analyze a variety of narrative writing techniques that often enhance storytelling, suspense, and thematic development (including flashback, cliffhanger, and comic relief)helping students to appreciate deliberate author choices that heighten engagement and meaning.	The skill area of "Logic & Reasoning" asks students to analyze structural arguments, identify valid deductions, and evaluate the soundness of conclusions within a passage of textequipping readers to detect logical fallacies, strengthen analytical proficiency, and discern how premises reliably lead to rational claims.	The skill area of "Main Idea" calls for readers to pinpoint the central thought, idea, or primary message that unifies an excerpt, paragraph, section, or even an entire text teaching students to distill essential meaning from a series of supporting details as a foundation for accurate comprehension and summarization.	The skill area of "Making Inferences" challenges students to read between the lines, in conjunction textual clues and prior knowledge, to form reasonable assumptions about unstated informationthereby training readers to derive implied meaning, character motivation, and deeper insight that enhances overall understanding.	The skill area of "Mood" tasks students with determining the emotional atmosphere, or feeling, created by text via word selection, imagery, and settingthe goal being to train readers to recognize how authors make intentional choices, while constructing narratives, that connect tone to meaning and elevate the experience of reading.	The skill area of "Paraphrasing" tasks readers with restating ideas, or excerpts of text, in their own words as the author's original meaning is preservedtraining students to process and internalize vital information at a much deeper level while simultaneously demonstrating true comprehension, rather than surface-level recall.	The skill area of "Parts of Speech" asks readers to identify, as well as understand, the function of words (including nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs, among others) in constructing clear, coherent, and effective sentencesallowing students to evaluate grammar's role in conveying precise meaning via the use of proper syntax.	The skill area of "Perspective" involves students recognizing the viewpoint, or lens, via which information is presented, such as biases, personal experiences, or cultural influencestraining readers to consider how they routinely shape interpretation and understanding of events and ideas expressed within a passage of text.	The skill area of "Persuasion" prompts readers to examine rhetorical appeals, identify authorial bias, and evaluate persuasive techniques within a passage of textteaching readers to detect manipulative framing, assess argument strength, and recognize how strategic word choices influence target audiences.	The skill area of "Plot" challenges students to map the overall sequence of events in narrative text, as a whole (including exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, and resolution)helping readers understand how story architecture is crafted, along with how individual events contribute to story coherence.	The skill area of "Point of View" requires readers to actively determine who is telling the story (first person, second person, third person, etc.), as well as how it ultimately affects what they know and feelteaching students to recognize narrative voice and its impact on how a story or article is shaped from start to finish.	The skill area of "Prediction" tasks readers with using clues from a text, along with prior knowledge, to anticipate what might logically happen next in a story, or what may be outlined further into an articleencouraging students to actively engage with prose as they improve focus, and comprehension, through forward-thinking.	The skill area of "Prior Knowledge" prompts students to activate/connect what they already know to new information presented in a text passageallowing the reader to build bridges between existing understanding and fresh content, while effectuating stronger comprehension and improved retention of information.	The skill area of "Problem Solving" asks readers to identify an obstacle or challenge within a text and trace how it is addressed or resolved, so as to differentiate the root conflict from the actions taken to overcome itteaching students to recognize how issues unfold and how solutions are developed.	The skill area of "Punctuation" involves teaching students to recognize how common marks, such as commas, periods, question marks, and exclamation points, help guide meaning, pacing, and tone throughout texttraining readers to interpret subtle cues that influence how sentences are read and understood.	The skill area of "Questioning" tasks students with generating, as well as answering, questions before, during, and after reading to clarify, deepen, and analyze their own comprehensionnudging readers toward becoming active, curious decoders of text who, by default, engage critically and thoughtfully with a wide variety of prose.	The skill area of "Reading Strategy" helps students learn how to apply metacognitive tools, preview text structures, and monitor their own comprehension before, during, and after readingempowering them to actively engage with difficult material, adjust their pacing, and independently solve roadblocks to understanding.	The skill area of "Recalling Details" involves challenging students to remember vital, factual information described in stories and articles, with and without context, so as to test and train a reader's ability to retain information directly after it is readdetails that are often the building blocks of a deeper understanding of text.	The skill area of "Retelling" asks students to summarize key narrative events, organize sequential details, and accurately articulate the core message of a story in their own wordsstrengthening memory retention, reinforcing structural comprehension, and empowering readers to synthesize information chronologically.	The skill area of "Sequencing" tasks readers to order actions, ideas, spatial segments, or procedural steps based on logical progression, rather than time, so as to distinguish how one component naturally leads to or enables anotherteaching students to follow structured thinking and recognize how these elements build upon each other.	The skill area of "Setting" requires students to discern when and where a story takes place, in addition to how its era, location, and environment influence characters and eventshelping readers learn to appreciate atmosphere, historical context, and the interplay between backdrop and narrative, to a more advanced degree.	The skill area of "Structure" tasks students with examining how a text is organized via its elements (such as titles, subtitles, chapters, paragraphs, lists, and many other text features)training readers to recognize how organizational choices in writing help to support clarity, brevity, flow, and to effectively deliver meaning.	The skill area of "Style" tasks readers with analyzing an author's distinctive choices in terms of diction, tone, sentence structure, and voice that, combined together, create a unique writing personalityallowing students to see how a confluence of elements often has the ability to shape reader experience, while establishing mood.	The skill area of "Summarizing" asks students to condense the most important ideas and details expressed in a body of text, into a brief, easily understood format, as core meaning is maintainedteaching readers to more efficiently distill information while demonstrating higher overall comprehension of the material.	The skill area of "Supporting Ideas" calls for students to identify evidence, examples, and details that reinforce the main idea, or central claim, of a text passageteaching readers to appreciate the myriad of ways in which writers both build, and strengthen, arguments or narratives via thoughtful, verifiable, relevant reinforcement.	The skill area of "Syntax" prompts students to reliably identify and examine sentence structure, grammatical arrangement, and word placement within a passage of text guiding readers to decode complex clauses, interpret nuanced composition styles, and unpack how punctuation and phrasing shape overall meaning.	The skill area of "Text Features" challenges students to consistently identify visual and structural elements (such as titles, headings, captions, quotes, and labels) to better understand their purpose, and distinguish them from the main body textteaching students to recognize how they clarify, extend, and organize information.	The skill area of "Theme" expects students to pinpoint a central underlying message, vital insight, universal truth, or unifying principle explored in storytellingprompting readers to transition away from experiencing narrative text as merely a series of plot details, toward a far broader, nuanced, conceptual understanding.	The skill area of "Veracity" asks readers to evaluate statements of fact, against textual evidence, to determine their accuracy within contextdeveloping the student's ability to carefully, and consistently, verify direct claims made about the subject mattter of a text, as well as strengthen their overall attention to, and retention of, detail.	The skill area of "Visualization" calls for students to form mental images based on the descriptive language and details within narrative and informational textprompting readers to engage sensory imagination, amplify emotional connection, and increase overall immersion in the material they are attempting to comprehend.	The skill area of "Word Analysis" tests and improves a student's ability to determine the meaning of unfamiliar words via the examination of context clues, roots, or structure, and to appreciate how precise word choice affects understandingteaching readers to expand word fluency and unlock richer comprehension of complex text.
Analogical Reasoning	Advocating	Chain Reaction	Alter Ego	Categorization	Differences	Conflict Escalation	Imaginative Connection	Emotional Description	Afterthought	Ambiguity	Appropriateness	Fact	Allusion	Automaticity	Fiction	Chart	Adage	Assumption	Claim	Author Intent	Atmosphere	Original Meaning	Adjective	Lens	Authoritative Appeal	Action	Dual Narration	Logical Guess	Background Information	Consequence	Ampersand	Answerability	Annotation	Detail Verification	Beginning	Chronology	Backdrop	Chapter	Connotation	Condensing	Evidence	Active Voice	Bold	Central Theme	Accuracy	Mental Image	Decoding
Extended Analogy	Analyzing	Contributing Factor	Ancillary Character	Criteria Selection	False Equivalency	External Conflict	Personal Connection	Imagery	Character Voice	Generalization	Author's Perspective	Informed Opinion	Antithesis	Cadence	--Adventure	Cross Section	Allegory	Circular Reasoning	Counterclaim	Combining Clues	Catharsis	Restating	Adverb	--Cultural Lens	Bandwagon Appeal	--Falling Action	First Person	Prior Clues	Making Connections	Multiple Solutions	Apostrophe	Applied	--Highlighting	Selective Recall	End	Ordinal Transitions	Duration	Epilogue	Denotation	Detail Selection	--Insufficient Evidence	Clause	Bullet Point	Competing Themes	Exaggeration	Scene Construction	--Digraphs
False Analogy	Arguing	Correlation	Antagonist	Cross Classification	Nuance	--Environmental Conflict	Real World Application	Physical Description	Conversation Mechanics	Logical Extension	Bias	Opinion	Catachresis	Chunking	--Comedy	Diagram	Amplification	Conclusion	Implied Idea	Implied Meaning	Emotional Response	Sectional Paraphrase	Conjunction	--Gender Lens	Card Stacking	--Rising Action	Narrator	Textual Evidence	Schema Activation	Problem Identification	Asterisk	Clarifying	--Margin Notes		Middle	Procedural Order	Dynamic Setting	Paragraph	Diction	Key Events	--Irrelevant Evidence	--Dependent Clause	Caption	Moral	Misinformation	Spatial Mapping	--Sight Words
Proportional Analogy	Assessing	Explicit Cause	Antihero	Domain Sorting	Point of Comparison	--Fatal Conflict	Worldly Connection	Sensory Detail	Dialect	Premise Synthesis	Credibility	Opinionated Words	Clich	Expression	--Drama	Drawing	Anadiplosis	Deductive Reasoning	Macro Idea		Mood Shift	Sentential Paraphrase	Determiner	--Historical Lens	Doublespeak	Climax	Second Person			Solution Evaluation	Colon	Evaluative	--Marking Text			Spatial Order	General Setting	Prologue	Persona		--Sufficient Evidence	--Independent Clause	Citation	Recurring Theme	Truthfulness		Phonemic Awareness
Relational Analogy	Cautioning	Implicit Cause	Archetype	Grouping	Similarities	--Interpersonal Conflict		--Auditory	Dialogue Tags	Syllogism	Importance	Subjective Judgment	Colloquialism	Fidelity	--Dystopia	Graph	Anastrophe	Inductive Reasoning	Micro Idea				Interjection	--Social Lens	Emotional Appeal	Coincidence	Third Person				Comma	Inferential	Fix Up Tactics				Integral Setting	Signal Words	Tone		Example	Inversion	Footnote	Universal Truth			--Addition
Symbolic Analogy	Critiquing	Multiple Causes	Catalyst Character	Hierarchy		--Societal Conflict		--Gustatory	Inner Monologue	Synthesizing	Objectivity		Double Entendre	Intonation	--Fable	Icon	Anecdote	Justification	Stated Idea				Noun	Psychic Distance	Flattery	Crisis	--Limited				Dash	Literal	--Glossary Usage				Place	Structural Archetypes	Vernacular		Explanation	Parallelism	Glossary				--Blending
	Debunking	Multiple Effects	Character Arc	Item Exclusion		--Supernatural Conflict		--Kinesthetic	Interruption		Plausibility		Euphemism	Pausing	--Fairytale	Infographic	Anthropomorphism	Logical Fallacy	Topic				--Abstract Noun	Stance	Glittering Generality	Exposition	--Objective				Ellipsis		--Rereading				Scene Change	--Cause-Effect	Voice		Key Idea	Passive Voice	Heading				--Deletion
	Entertaining	Root Cause	Characterization			--Technological Conflict		--Olfactory	Pep Talk		Relevance		Hyperbole	Phrasing	--Fantasy	Map	Aphorism	--Ad Hominem					--Collective Noun	Viewpoint	Loaded Language	Final Outcome	--Omniscient				Em Dash		--Slowing Down				Social Context	--Compare-Contrast	Word Choice		Minor Idea	Phrase	Index				--Isolation
	Evoking		Confidant			Internal Conflict		--Tactile	Speaker Identification		Source		Idiom	Pitch	--Folklore	Mixed Media	Backstory	--Begging Question					--Common Noun		Logical Appeal	Inciting Incident	Unreliable Narrator				Exclamation Mark		Note Taking				Specific Setting	--Problem-Solution				Sentence Length	Italics				--Segmentation
	Explaining		Doppelganger			Primary Conflict		--Visual			Verifiability		Innuendo	Rate	--Historical Fiction	Painting	Chekhov's Gun	--False Dilemma					--Proper Noun		Name Calling	Narrative Arc					Hyphen		--Graphic Organization				Static Setting	--Sequential				Sentence Structure	Label				--Substitution
	Expressing		Dynamic Character			Secondary Conflict		Spatial Detail					Irony	Rhythmic Pulse	--Horror	Photography	Circumlocution	--Faulty Causation					Preposition		Propaganda	Non-Linear Plot					Parentheses		--Outlining				Time	--Spatially Descriptive				--Complex	List				Phonics
	Informing		Flat Character					Temporal Detail					--Dramatic Irony	Stress	--Mystery	Pictograph	Cliffhanger	--Slippery Slope					Pronoun		Rhetorical Question	Pacing					Period		Previewing					Transitions				--Compound	Pronunciation Guide				Referencing
	Inspiring		Foil										--Situational Irony	Tempo	--Mythology	Vector Image	Comic Relief	--Straw Man					Verb		Statistical Appeal	Parallel Plot					Question Mark		--Scanning									--Compound-Complex	Quote				--Dictionary Entry
	Instructing		Hero										--Verbal Irony		--Realistic Fiction		Complication	Premise					--Future Tense		Testimonial	Plot Archetypes					Quotation Marks		--Skimming									--Simple	Sidebar				--Thesaurus Navigation
	Narrating		Hubris										Juxtaposition		--Romance		Conundrum	Rationale					--Past Tense			Resolution					Semicolon		--Text Feature Analysis									Sentence Type	Subheading				Spelling
	Persuading		Love Interest										Litotes		--Science Fiction		Deus Ex Machina	Soundness					--Present Tense			--Closure							Self Monitoring									--Declarative	Table				Syllabication
	Reflecting		Main Character										Metaphor		--Thriller		Dilemma	Sweeping Generalization								--Emotional Goal																--Exclamatory	Table of Contents				Vocabulary
	Satirizing		Mentor										Metonymy		--Utopia		Epigram	Validity								--Open Ending																--Imperative	Timeline				--Abbreviation
			Minor Character										Overstatement		Nonfiction		Epiphany									Stakes																--Interrogative	Title				--Antonym
			Motivation										Oxymoron		--Biography		Epitaph									Subplot																Subject-Verb Agreement	Underline				--Context Clues
			Narrating Character										Paradox		--Descriptive		Epizeuxis									Suspense																					--Homograph
			Nemesis										Personification		--History		Farce									Turning Point																					--Homophone
			Protagonist										Pun		--Informational		Flashback																														--Hypernym
			Pseudonym										Sarcasm		--Investigative		Flash Forward																														--Hyponym
			Relationship										Simile		--Memoir		Foreshadowing																														--Multiple Meaning Words
			Round Character										Subtext		--Narrative Nonfiction		Humor																														--Synonym
			Secret Identity										Symbolism		--Personal Development		Hypophora																														Word Structure
			Sidekick										Synecdoche		--Persuasive		Idyll																														--Anagram
			Static Character										Synesthesia		--Procedural		In Medias Res																														--Base Words
			Stereotype										Understatement		--Social Advocacy		Malapropism																														--Combining Forms
			Sympathetic Character										Zoomorphism		--Travel		Motif																														--Compound Words
			Tragic Flaw												--True Crime		Motto																														--Contractions
			Traits														Palindrome																														--Prefixes
			--External Trait														Parody																														--Roots
			--Internal Trait														Pleonasm																														--Suffixes
			Unsympathetic Character														Poetic Justice																														
			Villain														Quest																														
																	Red Herring																														
																	Slang																														
																	Slogan																														
																	Soliloquy																														
																	Sound Devices																														
																	--Alliteration																														
																	--Assonance																														
																	--Cacophony																														
																	--Consonance																														
																	--Euphony																														
																	--Onomatopoeia																														
																	--Repetition																														
																	--Rhyme																														
																	--Rhythm																														
																	Stream of Conciousness																														
																	Tautology																														
																	Ticking Clock																														
																	Trope																														
																	Twist																														
																	Vignette																														
																	Zeugma																														
